169 research outputs found
Absolute Dimensions and Apsidal Motion of the Young Detached System LT Canis Majoris
New high resolution spectra of the short period (P~1.76 days) young detached
binary LT CMa are reported for the first time. By combining the results from
the analysis of new radial velocity curves and published light curves, we
determine values for the masses, radii and temperatures as follows: M_1= 5.59
(0.20) M_o, R_1=3.56 (0.07) R_o and T_eff1= 17000 (500) K for the primary and
M_2=3.36 (0.14) M_o, R_2= 2.04 (0.05) R_o and T_eff2= 13140 (800) K for the
secondary. Static absorbtion features apart from those coming from the close
binary components are detected in the several spectral regions. If these
absorbtion features are from a third star, as the light curve solutions
support, its radial velocity is measured to be RV_3=70(8) km s^-1. The orbit of
the binary system is proved to be eccentric (e=0.059) and thus the apsidal
motion exists. The estimated linear advance in longitude of periastron
corresponds to an apsidal motion of U=694+/-5 yr for the system. The average
internal structure constant log k_2,obs=-2.53 of LT CMa is found smaller than
its theoretical value of log k_2,theo=-2.22 suggesting the stars would have
more central concentration in mass. The photometric distance of LT CMa
(d=535+/-45 pc) is found to be much smaller than the distance of CMa OB1
association (1150 pc) which rules out membership. A comparison with current
stellar evolution models for solar metallicity indicates that LT CMa (35 Myr)
is much older than the CMa OB1 association (3 Myr), confirming that LT CMa is
not a member of CMa OB1. The kinematical and dynamical analysis indicate LT CMa
is orbiting the Galaxy in a circular orbit and belongs to the young thin-disk
population.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures and 6 tables, accepted for publication in
Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japa
Abundances from disentangled component spectra: the eclipsing binary V578 Mon
Chemical abundances of the early-B type components of the binary V578 Mon are
derived from disentangled component spectra. This is a pilot study showing
that, even with moderately high line-broadening, metal abundances can be
derived from disentangled spectra with a precision 0.1 dex, relative to
sharp-lined single stars of the same spectral type. This binary is well-suited
for such an assessment because of its youth as a member of the Rosette Nebula
cluster NGC 2244, strengthening the expectation of an unevolved ZAMS chemical
composition. The method is of interest to study rotational driven mixing in
main-sequence stars, with fundamental stellar parameters known with higher
accuracy in (eclipsing) binaries. The paper also includes an evaluation of the
bias that might be present in disentangled spectra.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 8 pages, 2
figure
The radial velocity curve of HD153919 (4U1700-37) revisited
We have re-analysed all available high-resolution ultraviolet IUE spectra of
the high-mass X-ray binary HD153919/4U1700-37. The radial velocity
semi-amplitude of 20.6 +/- 1.0 km/s and orbital eccentricity of 0.22 +/- 0.04
agree very well with the values obtained earlier from optical spectra. They
disagree with earlier conclusions for the same data reduced by Heap & Corcoran
(1992) and by Stickland & Lloyd (1993).Comment: 6 pages, latex, figure included, Astronomy & Astrophysics, in pres
Study of Eclipsing Binary and Multiple Systems in OB Associations II. The Cygnus OB Region: V443 Cyg, V456 Cyg and V2107 Cyg
Three presumably young eclipsing binary systems in the direction of the
Cygnus OB1, OB3 and OB9 associations are studied. Component spectra are
reconstructed and their orbits are determined using light curves and spectra
disentangling techniques. V443 Cyg and V456 Cyg have circular orbits, while the
light curve of V2107\,Cyg imposes a slightly eccentric orbit
(. V443 Cyg harbours F-type stars, and not young early-A stars
as previously suggested in the literature based on photometry solely. It
appears to be situated in the foreground (distance kpc) of the
young stellar populations in Cygnus. V456 Cyg, at a distance of
kpc consists of a slightly metal-weak A--type and an early--F star. The age of
both systems, on or very near to the main sequence, remains uncertain by an
order of magnitude. V2107 Cyg is a more massive system ( and
) at kpc and, also kinematically, a strong
candidate-member of Cyg OB1. The more massive component is slightly evolved and
appears to undergo non-radial -type pulsations. The Doppler signal
of the secondary is barely detectable. A more extensive study is important to
fix masses more precisely, and an asteroseismological study would then become
appropriate. Nevertheless, the position of the primary in the HR-diagram
confines the age already reasonably well to Myr, indicating for Cyg
OB1 a similar extent of star formation history as established for Cyg OB2.Comment: 27 pages, including 9 figures and 6 tables, accepted for publication
in Astronomical Journa
A Strict Test of Stellar Evolution Models: The Absolute Dimensions of Massive Benchmark Eclipsing Binary V578 Mon
We determine the absolute dimensions of the eclipsing binary V578 Mon, a
detached system of two early B-type stars (B0V + B1V, P2.40848 d) in the
star-forming region NGC 2244 of the Rosette Nebula. From the light curve
analysis of 40 yr of photometry and the analysis of HERMES spectra, we find
radii of Rsun and Rsun, and temperatures of ~K and K respectively. We find that our
disentangled component spectra for V578 Mon agree well previous spectral
disentangling from the literature. We also reconfirm the previous spectroscopic
orbit of V578 Mon finding that masses of Msun and Msun are fully compatible with the new analysis. We compare the absolute
dimensions to the rotating models of the Geneva and Utrecht groups and the
models of Granada group. We find all three sets of models marginally reproduce
the absolute dimensions of both stars with a common age within uncertainty for
gravity-effective temperature isochrones. However - there are some apparent age
discrepancies for the corresponding mass-radius isochrones. Models with larger
convective overshoot worked best. Combined with our previously
determined apsidal motion of deg cycle,
we compute the internal structure constants (tidal Love number) for the
newtonian and general relativistic contribution to the apsidal motion,
and respectively. We find
the relativistic contribution to the apsidal motion of be small . We find
that the prediction of of the Granada
models fully agrees with our observed .Comment: accepted for publication in AJ 05/02/201
Spectra disentangling applied to the Hyades binary Theta^2 Tau AB: new orbit, orbital parallax and component properties
Theta^2 Tauri is a detached and single-lined interferometric-spectroscopic
binary as well as the most massive binary system of the Hyades cluster. The
system revolves in an eccentric orbit with a periodicity of 140.7 days. The
secondary has a similar temperature but is less evolved and fainter than the
primary. It is also rotating more rapidly. Since the composite spectra are
heavily blended, the direct extraction of radial velocities over the orbit of
component B was hitherto unsuccessful. Using high-resolution spectroscopic data
recently obtained with the Elodie (OHP, France) and Hermes (ORM, La Palma,
Spain) spectrographs, and applying a spectra disentangling algorithm to three
independent data sets including spectra from the Oak Ridge Observatory (USA),
we derived an improved spectroscopic orbit and refined the solution by
performing a combined astrometric-spectroscopic analysis based on the new
spectroscopy and the long-baseline data from the Mark III optical
interferometer. As a result, the velocity amplitude of the fainter component is
obtained in a direct and objective way. Major progress based on this new
determination includes an improved computation of the orbital parallax. Our
mass ratio is in good agreement with the older estimates of Peterson et al.
(1991, 1993), but the mass of the primary is 15-25% higher than the more recent
estimates by Torres et al. (1997) and Armstrong et al. (2006). Due to the
strategic position of the components in the turnoff region of the cluster,
these new determinations imply stricter constraints for the age and the
metallicity of the Hyades cluster. The location of component B can be explained
by current evolutionary models, but the location of the more evolved component
A is not trivially explained and requires a detailed abundance analysis of its
disentangled spectrum.Comment: in press, 13 pages, 10 Postscript figures, 5 tables. Table~4 is
available as online material. Keywords: astrometry - techniques: high angular
resolution - stars: binaries: visual - stars: binaries: spectroscopic -
stars: fundamental parameter
A FLAMINGOS Deep Near Infrared Imaging Survey of the Rosette Complex I: Identification and Distribution of the Embedded Population
We present the results of a deep near-infrared imaging survey of the Rosette
Complex. We studied the distribution of young embedded sources using a
variation of the Nearest Neighbor Method applied to a carefully selected sample
of near-infrared excess (NIRX) stars which trace the latest episode of star
formation in the complex. Our analysis confirmed the existence of seven
clusters previously detected in the molecular cloud, and identified four more
clusters across the complex. We determined that 60% of the young stars in the
complex and 86% of the stars within the molecular cloud are contained in
clusters, implying that the majority of stars in the Rosette formed in embedded
clusters. We compare the sizes, infrared excess fractions and average
extinction towards individual clusters to investigate their early evolution and
expansion. We found that the average infrared excess fraction of clusters
increases as a function of distance from NGC 2244, implying a temporal sequence
of star formation across the complex. This sequence appears to be primordial,
possibly resulting from the formation and evolution of the molecular cloud and
not from the interaction with the HII region.Comment: Accepted by Astrophysical Journa
Spectroscopy of HD 77581 and the mass of Vela X-1
We present new high-resolution, high signal-to-noise optical spectra of HD 77581, the optical counterpart of the X-ray source Vela X-1, and determine radial velocities from these spectra, as well as from high-resolution IUE spectra and from digitized photographic spectra. The measured velocities show strong deviations from a pure Keplerian radial-velocity curve, which are autocorrelated within one night, but not from one night to another. Since lines of different ions exhibit very similar changes in profile, these deviations most likely reflect large-scale motions of the stellar surface akin to non-radial pulsations. A possible cause could be that the varying tidal force exerted by the neutron star in its eccentric orbit excites high-order pulsation modes in the optical star which interfere constructively for short time intervals. The effect of such velocity excursions on the orbital solution is estimated by means of a Monte-Carlo simulation technique. We investigate sources of systematic error, due to, e.g., the tidal deformation of the star, and find, in particular, evidence for a systematic perturbation of the radial velocity near the time of velocity minimum. This possible distortion severely compromises the accuracy of the radial-velocity amplitude, leading to a 95\% confidence range of 18.0--28.2\,\kms. The corresponding 95\% confidence limits of the masses are given by \MX=1.9_{-0.5}^{+0.7}\,\Msun and \Mopt=23.5_{-1.5}^{+2.2}\,\Msun
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